What happens to insulin sensitivity with regular aerobic exercise?

Regular aerobic exercise leads to improvements in insulin sensitivity, which means that the body becomes more effective at using insulin to transport glucose from the bloodstream into the cells. During aerobic exercise, muscle contractions help to facilitate glucose uptake irrespective of insulin signaling. Over time, consistent aerobic activity enhances the muscle's ability to respond to insulin, contributing to better blood sugar management.

When engaging in regular aerobic exercise, physiological adaptations occur, such as increased glucose transporter (GLUT4) translocation to the cell membranes of muscle tissue and enhanced metabolic pathways that utilize glucose. These changes not only assist in lowering blood glucose levels post-exercise but also contribute to improved overall metabolic health. Improved insulin sensitivity reduces the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, highlighting the significant benefits of incorporating aerobic exercise into a regular fitness routine.