How does interval training benefit aerobic capacity?

Interval training is recognized for its ability to significantly enhance aerobic capacity, primarily by improving cardiovascular efficiency and increasing VO2 max. During interval training, exercises are performed at varying intensities, alternating between high-intensity efforts and periods of rest or lower-intensity activity. This approach stimulates the cardiovascular system in a way that promotes adaptations beneficial for aerobic performance.

As the body adapts to the demands of interval training, there are physiological changes that occur, including improvements in heart rate response, stroke volume, and oxygen uptake. These changes lead to a more efficient cardiovascular system, allowing the body to deliver oxygen to the muscles more effectively and utilize it during prolonged physical activities.

VO2 max refers to the maximum amount of oxygen the body can utilize during intense exercise, which is a critical indicator of aerobic fitness. Interval training has been shown in various studies to increase VO2 max, reflecting enhanced endurance and the ability to perform sustained aerobic activities for longer durations. Therefore, the correct answer highlighting the enhancement of cardiovascular efficiency and an increase in VO2 max directly addresses how interval training can robustly contribute to improving aerobic capacity.